Account-to-Account Payments & PSD2: Driving a New Era of Seamless Payment Solutions
TL;DR Account-to-account (A2A) payments move money directly between bank accounts, bypassing card networks and the interchange fees that come with them, enabled at scale by PSD2's open banking framework. A2A payment volume in Europe reached €7.4 trillion in 2025 and is growing at 13% year-on-year, driven by PSD2 compliance, rising merchant demand for lower processing costs, and consumer comfort with bank-authentication flows. For merchants, A2A removes interchange fees (typically 0.3%-1.8% on card transactions) and reduces the chargeback risk that defines so much of high-risk payment processing. For payment providers and payment gateway providers, A2A is both a threat and an opportunity, it removes card rails from the equation but opens a new layer of payment initiation infrastructure to build on. In 2026, PSD2's successor framework PSD3 is in the consultation phase across EU member states, with tighter SCA rules and expanded open banking rights expected to accelerate ...